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Solve this: Table 1.3 mmdmental of Strength agnetk' Operates among All in p Mllcululy n d theories and domains _ Newton unified terrestrial and celestial domains under a common law of gravitation. The experimental discoveries Of Oersted and Faraday showed that electric and magnetic phenomena are in general inseparable Maxwell unified electromagnetism and optics with the discovery that light is an electromagnetic Wave. Einstein attempted to unify gravity and electromagnetism but could not Succeed in this Venture, this did not deter physicists from zealously pursuing the goal of unification of forces. Recent decades have Seen much progress on this front. -me electromagnetic and the weak nuclear force havc now bcc•n unified and are seen as aspects of a single •electro-weak' force. What this unification actually means cannot be explained here, Attempts have been (and are being) made to unify the electro-weak and the strong force and cvcn to unify the gravitational force with the rest of the fundamental forces. Many of these ideas are still speculative and Table _4 Summarises Some Of the milestones in the progress towards unification of forces in nature. 1.5 NATURE OF PHYSICAL LAWS Physicists explore the universe, Their investigations, based on scientific processes, range from particles that are smaller than atoms in size to stars that arc very far away. In addition to finding the facts by observation and experimentation. physicists attempt to discover the laws that summarisc (often as mathematical equations) these facts. any physical phenomenon governed by different forces. several quantities may change with time. A remarkable Fact is that some special physical quantities, however. remain in time. They are the conserved quantities of nature. Understanding these conservation principles is very important to describe the observed phenomena quantitatively For motion under an external Conservative force. the total mechanical i.e. the sum of kinetic and potential eneræ,' of a body is a The ramiliar example iS the free Of an object under gravity. Both the kinetic or the Object and its potential Change continuously with time, but the sum remains tuxed. If the object is released from rest. the initial Table 1.4 Progress in unification of different forces/ domains in nature Isaac Newto n Hans Christian James Clerk Maxwell Stevcm Rubia. Meer 1687 1820 1830 1873 1979 1984 unified and terrestrial rncch.mies; showed that the laws of and the law of gravitation apply to both the domains, Showed that electric and magnetic phcnm-ncna arc a unified dmain- electronMgnetism. electricity. magnetism and optics; showed that light is an w that the Weak' the be as different Of a single the Em•dictiorw of the of weak _