RD Sharma 2020 2021 Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 23 Data Handling III(Bar Graphs) are provided here with simple step-by-step explanations. These solutions for Data Handling III(Bar Graphs) are extremely popular among class 6 students for Maths Data Handling III(Bar Graphs) Solutions come handy for quickly completing your homework and preparing for exams. All questions and answers from the RD Sharma 2020 2021 Book of class 6 Maths Chapter 23 are provided here for you for free. You will also love the ad-free experience on Meritnation’s RD Sharma 2020 2021 Solutions. All RD Sharma 2020 2021 Solutions for class 6 Maths are prepared by experts and are 100% accurate.
Page No 23.10:
Question 8:
Read the following bar graph (Fig. 23.12) and answer the following questions:
(i) What is the information given by the bar graph?
(ii) State each of the following whether true or false.
(a) The number of government companies in 1957 is that of 1982 is 1: 9.
(b) The number of government companies have decreased over the year 1957 to 1983.
Answer:
(i) The bar graph represents the number of government companies in India from 1957 to 1987.
(ii) (a) False
Explanation: Number of government companies in 1957 = 50
Number of government companies in 1982 = 375
The ratio of the number of government companies in 1957 to that in 1982
(b) False
Explanation: As no data is given for the year 1983, we cannot tell anything about this. Hence, the given statement is false.
Page No 23.10:
Question 9:
Read the following bar graph and answer the following questions:
(i) What information is given by the bar graph
(ii) Which state is the largest producer of rice?
(iii) Which state is the largest producer of wheat?
(iv) Which state has total production of rice and wheat as its maximum?
(v) Which state has the total production of wheat and rice minimum?
Answer:
Let's draw a chart using the data from the above bar graph:
| States | Rice Production | Wheat Production | Total Production |
| U.P. | 8 | 16 | 24 |
| W.B. | 10 | 2 | 12 |
| M.P. | 5 | 5 | 10 |
| Maharashtra | 4 | 2 | 6 |
| Haryana | 3 | 6 | 9 |
(i) The above bar graph provides information on the production of rice and wheat in various states of India.
(ii) W.B. is the largest producer of rice.
Explanation: The height of the rectangle representing rice production in W.B. is up to 10 units, i.e., the highest compared to those in the other states.
(iii) U.P. is the largest producer of wheat.
Explanation: The height of the rectangle representing wheat production in U.P. is up to 16 units, i.e., the highest compared to those in the other states.
(iv) U.P. has the total production of rice and wheat as its maximum.
Explanation: From the bar graph we can say that U.P. exceeds the other states in the total production of rice and wheat, i.e., 16 units wheat + 8 units of rice = 24 units.
(v) Maharashtra has the total production of rice and wheat as its minimum.
Explanation: From the bar graph we can say that the total production of rice and wheat in ​Maharashtra is the minimum, i.e., 4 units rice + 2 units of wheat = 6 units.
Page No 23.11:
Question 10:
The following bar graph (Fig. 23.14) represents the heights (in cm) of 50 students of Class XI of a particular school. Study the graph and answer the following questions:
(i) What percentage of the total number of student have their heights more than 149 cm?
(ii) How many students in the class are in the range of maximum height of the class?
(iii) The school wants to provide a particular type of tonic to each student below the height of 150 cm to improve his height. If the cost of the tonic for each student comes out to be Rs 55, how much amount of money is requires?
(iv) How many students are in the range of shortest height of the class?
(v) State whether true of false:
(a) There are 9 students in the class whose heights are in the range of 155−159 cm.
(b) Maximum height (in cm) of a student in the class is 17.
(c) There are 29 students in the class whose heights are in the range of 145−154 cm.
(d) Minimum height (in cm) of a student is the class is in the range of 140−144 cm.
(e) There are 14 students each of whom has height more than 150 cm is 12.
(f) There are 14 students each of whom has height more than 154 cm.
Answer:
Let's draw a chart based on the above bar graph:
| Heights (in cm.) |
Number of students |
| 140 − 144 | 7 |
| 145 − 149 | 12 |
| 150 − 154 | 17 |
| 155 − 159 | 9 |
| 160 − 164 | 5 |
(i) Number of students whose height is more than 149 cm = 17 + 9 + 5 = 31
Total number of students = 50
Percentage of students whose height is more than 149 cm
(ii) The maximum height-range of the class is 160 − 164.
∴ Number of students in this range = 5
(iii) Number of students measuring less than 150 cm = 7 + 12 = 19
∴ Required amount of money to be spent for the tonic = 19 × Rs. 55 = Rs. 1045
(iv) The minimum height-range of the class is 140 − 144
∴ Number of students in this range = 7
(v) (a) True
Explanation: From the above chart we can say that the number of students in the height-range 155 − 159 is 9.
(b) False
Explanation: 17 is the number of students found in the maximum height-range, i.e., 160 − 164.
(c) True
Explanation: Number of students in the class whose heights are in the range of 145 − 154 cm
= Number of students in the class whose heights are in the range of 145 − 149
+ Number of students in the class whose heights are in the range of 150 − 154
= 12 + 17 = 29
(d) True
Explanation: The minimum height-range of the students in the class is 140 − 144 cm.
(e) False
Explanation: Number of students measuring less than 150 cm = 7 + 12 = 19
(f) True
Explanation: Number of students measuring more than 154 cm = 9 + 5 = 14
Page No 23.11:
Question 11:
Read the following bar graph (Fig.23.15) and answer the following questions:
(i) What information is given by the bar graph?
(ii) What was the production of cement in the year 1980-81?
(iii) What is the minimum and maximum productions of cement and corresponding years?
Answer:
(i) The bar graph informs us about the industrial production of cement in India in different financial years.
(ii) 186 lakh tonnes of cement was produced in the year 1980-81.
Explanation: The height of the bar against the year 1980 − 81 is up to186 units, and production of cement is show in lakh tonnes.
(iii) Minimum height of a bar is 30 units against the year 1950 − 51.
∴ Minimum production of cement is 30 lakh tonnes in the year 1950 − 51.
Maximum height of a bar is 232 units against the year 1982 − 83.
∴ Maximum production of cement is 232 lakh tonnes in the year 1982 − 83.
Page No 23.12:
Question 12:
The bar graph shown in Fig. 23.16 represents the circulation of news papers in 10 languages. Study the bar graph and answer the following questions:
(i) What is the total number of newspapers published in Hindi, English, Urdu, Punjabi and Bengali?
(ii) What percent is the number of news papers published in Hindi of the total number of newspapers?
(iii) Find the excess of the number of news papers, published in English over those published in Urdu.
(iv) Name two pairs of languages which publish the same number of news papers.
(v) State the language in which the smallest number of news papers are published.
(vi) State the language in which the number of news papers are published
(vii) State the language in which the number of news papers published is between 2500 and 3500.
(viii) State whether true or false:
(a) The number of news papers published in Malayalam and Marathi together is less than those published in English.
(b) The number of news papers published in Telugu is more than those published in Tamil.
Answer:
Let's draw a chart using the information from the above bar graph:
| Language | Number of Newspapers Published |
| Urdu | 700 |
| Telugu | 400 |
| Tamil | 1000 |
| Punjabi | 200 |
| Marathi | 1400 |
| Malayalam | 1400 |
| Hindi | 3700 |
| Gujarati | 1100 |
| English | 3400 |
| Bengali | 1100 |
(i) Total number of newspapers published in Hindi, English, Urdu, Punjabi and Bengali = 3700 + 3400 + 700 + 200 + 1100 = 9100
(ii) Number of newspapers published in Hindi = 3700
Total number of newspapers published = 700 + 400 + 1000 + 200 + 1400 + 1400 + 3700 + 1100 + 3400 + 1100 = 14400
∴ Percentage of Hindi newspaper published
= 25.69%
≃ 25.7%
(iii) Number of newspapers published in English = 3400
Number of newspapers published in Urdu = 700
∴ Excess number of the newspapers published in English over Urdu = 3400 − 700 = 2700
(iv) "Marathi" & Malayalam" and "Gujarati & Bengali" are the two pairs of languages in which same number of newspapers are published.
Explanation: Newspapers published in Marathi
= Newspapers published in Malayalam = 1400
Newspapers published in Gujarati
= Newspapers published in Bengali = 1100
(v) Punjabi is the language in which the least number of newspapers are published.
Explanation: In Punjabi, only 200 newspapers are published.
(vi) Hindi is the language in which the maximum number of newspapers are published.
Explanation: In Hindi, 3700 newspapers are published.
(vii) The number of English newspapers published is between 2500 and 3500.
Explanation: In English, 3400 newspapers are published.
(viii) (a) True
Explanation: Total number of newspapers published in Malayalam and Marathi = 1400 + 1400 = 2800
The number of newspapers published in English are 3400, which is more than the total numbers of Malayalam and Marathi newspapers.
(b) False
Explanation: Number of newspapers published in Telugu = 400
Number of newspapers published in Tamil = 1000
Page No 23.18:
Question 1:
Explain the reading and interpretation of bar graphs.
Answer:
A bar graph is a graph with its length proportional to the value it represent.
The bars in a bar graph can be plotted vertically or horizontally. A bar graph is a visual display used to compare the amount or frequency of occurrence of different characteristics of data.
Bar graph allows us to
* Compare groups of data
* Make generalisations about the data quickly
Page No 23.18:
Question 2:
Read the following bar graph and answer the following questions:
(i) What information is given by the bar graph?
(ii) In which year the export is minimum?
(iii) In which year the import is maximum?
(iv) In which year the difference of the values of export and import is maximum?
Answer:
Let's draw a chart using the information from the above bar graph:
| Years | Export (In 100 crores of Rs.) |
Import (In 100 Cores of Rs.) |
Difference of Import and export (In 100 crores of Rs.) |
| 1982 − 83 | 8 | 14 | 6 |
| 1983 − 84 | 10 | 18 | 8 |
| 1984 − 85 | 12 | 19 | 7 |
| 1985 − 86 | 11 | 20 | 9 |
| 1986 − 87 | 12 | 22 | 10 |
(i) It provides us the information on the total amount of imports and exports in different years between 1982 and 1987.
(ii) In the year 1982 − 83, the export is at its lowest.
Explanation: In the year 1982 − 83, exports amounted to 800 crores rupees, i.e., the lowest from all other years.
(iii) In the year 1986 − 87, the import is at its maximum.
Explanation: In the year 1986 − 87, imports amounted to 22,000 crores rupees, i.e., the highest from all other years.
(iv) In the year 1986 − 87, the difference in the amount of exports and imports is the maximum.
Explanation: In the year 1986 − 87, the difference in the values of export and import is 1000 crores rupees.
Page No 23.18:
Question 3:
The following bar graph shows the results of an annual examination in a secondary school.
Read the bar graph (Fig.23.22) and choose the correct option in each of the following.
(i) The pair of classes in which the results of boys and girls are inversely proportional are:
(a) VI, VIII
(b) VI, IX
(c) VIII, IX
(d) VIII, X
(ii) The class having the lowest faliure rate of girls is
(a) VII
(b) X
(c) IX
(d) VIII
(iii) The class having the lowest pass rate of student is:
(a) VI
(b) VII
(c) VIII
(d) IX
Answer:
Let's draw a chart using the information from the above bar graph.
| Class | Percentage of boys | Percentage of girls |
| VI | 80 | 70 |
| VII | 40 | 100 |
| VIII | 90 | 50 |
| IX | 70 | 80 |
| X | 70 | 90 |
(i) (b) VI, IX
Explanation: In Class VI, the percentage of boys = 80
In Class IX, the percentage of girls = 80
In Class VI, the percentage of girls = 70
In class IX, the percentage of boys = 70
(ii) (a) VII
Explanation: In class VII, the passing percentage of girls is at its peak i.e. 100%.
∴ In this class, 0% of girls failed.
(iii) (b) VII and (c) VIII
Explanation: In class VII and VIII, the sum of vertical heights of the percentage of boys and girls in the given bar graph is same and that is 140 unit.
And this sum of heights is the least compare to all other classes.
Page No 23.19:
Question 4:
The following bar graph shows the number of persons killed in industrial accidents in a country for some years (Fig.23.23)
Read the bar graph and choose the correct alternative in each of the following:
(i) The year which shows the maximum percentage increase in the number of persons killed in coal mines over the precending year is:
(a) 1996
(b) 1997
(c) 1999
(d) 2000
(ii) The year which shows the maximum decrease in the number of persons killed in industrial accidents over the precending year is:
(a) 1996
(b) 1997
(c) 1998
(d) 1999
(iii) The year in which the maximum number of persons were killed in industrial accidents other than those killed in coal mines is
(a) 1995
(b) 1997
(c) 1998
(d) 1999
Answer:
Let's draw a chart using the information from the above bar graph:
| Year | Persons killed in industrial accidents | Persons killed in coal mines |
| 1995 | 1600 | 300 |
| 1996 | 900 | 200 |
| 1997 | 1200 | 300 |
| 1998 | 1300 | 100 |
| 1999 | 900 | 100 |
| 2000 | 1300 | 200 |
(i) (d) 2000
Explanation: In 1997, the death increased to 300 from 200, and in 2000, the death increased to 200 from 100.
Therefore, percentage increase in the amount of death in coal mines in the year 1997 ⇒ from 200 to 300 ⇒ 50% increase
Therefore, percentage increase in the amount of death in coal mines in the year 2000 ⇒ from 100 to 200 ⇒ 100% increase
(ii) (a) 1996
Explanation: Both the years, 1996 and in 1999, show a decrease in the amount of persons killed by industrial accidents.
Therefore, percentage decrease in the amount of death due to industrial accidents in the year 1996 ⇒ from 1600 to 900 ⇒ 43.75%
Therefore, percentage decrease in the amount of death due to industrial accidents in the year 1999 ⇒ from 1300 to 1900 ⇒ 30.77%
(iii) (a) 1995
Explanation: In the year 1995, 1600 persons were killed by industrial accidents, which is the highest compared to the other years.
Page No 23.20:
Question 5:
The production of saleable steel in some of the steel plants of our country during 1999 is given below:
| Plant | Bhilai | Durgapur | Rourkela | Bokaro |
| Production (in thousand tonnes) |
160 | 80 | 200 | 150 |
Construct a bar graph to represent the above data on a graph paper by using the scale 1 big divisions = 20 thousand tonnes.
Answer:
Let's draw two mutually perpendicular lines OX and OY.
Along the horizontal line OX, let's mark plants; and along the vertical line OY, let's mark the production.
Along the axis OX, let's measure an equal width for each bar, the gap between the bars being the same.
We will now choose a suitable scale to determine the heights of the bar.
Here, let's choose 1 big division = 20 thousand tonnes
Therefore, the heights of the bars as follows:
Height of the bar against Bhilai units.
Height of the bar against Durgapur units.
Height of the bar against Rourkela units.
Height of the bar against Bokaro units.
Now, based on the above calculation the graph is as follows:
Page No 23.20:
Question 6:
The following data gives the number (in thousands) of applicants registered with an Employment Exchange during. 1995-2000:
| Year | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 |
| Number of applicants registered (in thousands) |
18 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 30 | 34 |
Construct a bar graph to represent the above data.
Answer:
Let's draw two mutually perpendicular lines OX and OY.
Along the horizontal line OX, let's mark years; and along the vertical line OY, let's mark the number of applicants registered.
Along the axis OX, let's choose a suitable width for each bar, the gap between the bars being the same.
We will now choose a suitable scale to determine the heights of the bars.
Here, let's choose 1 big division = 4 thousand applicants
Therefore, the heights of the bars are as follow:
Height of the bar against the year 1995 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1996 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1997 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1998 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1999 units.
Height of the bar against the year 2000 units.
Based on the above calculation, the bar graph is as follows:
Page No 23.20:
Question 7:
The following table gives the route length (in thousand kilometres) of the Indian Railways in some of the years:
| Year | 1960-61 | 1970-71 | 1980-81 | 1990-91 | 2000-2001 |
| Route length (in thousand kilometres) |
56 | 60 | 61 | 74 | 98 |
Represent the above data with the help of a bar graph.
Answer:
Let's draw two mutually perpendicular lines OX and OY.
Along the horizontal line OX, let's mark years; and along the vertical line OY, let's mark the route length.
Along the axis OX, let's choose a suitable width for each bar, the gap between the bars being the same.
We will now choose a suitable scale to determine the heights of the bars.
Here, let's take 1 big division = 10 thousand kilometres
Therefore, heights of the various bar are as follows:
Height of the bar against 1960 - 61 units.
Height of the bar against 1970 - 71​ units.
Height of the bar against 1980 - 81 units.
Height of the bar against 1990 - 91 units.
Height of the bar against 2000 - 2001 units.
Based on the above calculation, the bar graph is as follows:
Page No 23.20:
Question 8:
The following data gives the amount of loans (in crores of rupees) disbursed by a bank during some years:
| Year | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
| Loan (in crores of rupees) | 28 | 33 | 55 | 55 | 80 |
(i) Represent the above data with the help of a bar graph.
(ii) With the help of the bar graph, indicate the year in which amount of loan is not increased over that of the preceding year.
Answer:
Let's draw two mutually perpendicular lines OX and OY.
Along the horizontal line OX, let's mark years; and along the vertical line OY, let's mark loans in crores.
Along the axis OX, let's choose a suitable width for each bar, keeping the gap between the bars the same.
We will now choose a suitable scale to determine the heights of the bars.
Here, let's consider 1 big division = 10 crores of loan
Therefore, the heights of the various bars are as follows:
Height of the bar against the year 1992 units.
Heights of the bar against the year 1993 units.
Heights of the bar against the year 1994 units.
Heights of the bar against the year 1995 units.
Heights of the bar against the year 1996 units.
Based on the above calculation, the bar graph is as follows:
(ii) The year in which the loan amount has not increased than its previous year is 1995.
Explanation: In the year 1994, 55 crore rupees of loan was disbursed by the bank.
Also, in the year 1995, 55 crore rupees of loan was disbursed by bank.​
Page No 23.20:
Question 9:
The following table shows the interest paid by a company (in lakhs):
| Year | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1997-98 | 1998-99 | 1999-2000 |
| Interest (in lakhs of rupees) |
20 | 25 | 15 | 18 | 30 |
Draw the bar graph to represent the above information.
Answer:
Let's draw two mutually perpendicular lines OX and OY.
Along the horizontal line OX, let's mark years; and along the vertical line OY, let's mark the amount of interest paid by the company.
Along the axis OX, let's choose a suitable width for each bar, keeping the gap between the bars the same.
We will now choose a suitable scale to determine the heights of the bars.
Here, let's consider 1 big division = 5 lakhs of rupees paid as interest by the company
Therefore, the heights of the various bars are as follows:
Height of the bar against the year 1995 − 96 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1996 − 97 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1997 − 98 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1998 − 99 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1999 − 2000 units.
Based on the above calculation, the bar graph is as follows:
Page No 23.21:
Question 10:
The following data shows the average age of men in various countries in a certain year:
| Country | India | Nepal | China | Pakistan | U.K. | U.S.A. |
| Average age (in years) |
55 | 52 | 60 | 50 | 70 | 75 |
Represent the above information by a bar graph.
Answer:
Let's draw two mutually perpendicular lines OX and OY.
Along the horizontal line OX, let's mark the countries; and along the vertical line OY, let's mark the average age for men.
Along the axis OX, we will choose a suitable width for each bar, keeping the gap between the bars the same.
We will now choose a suitable scale to determine the heights of the bars.
Here, let's consider 1 big division = 10 years
Therefore, the heights of the various bars are as follows:
Height of the bar against India units.
Height of the bar against Nepal units.
Height of the bar against China units.
Height of the bar against Pakistan units.
Height of the bar against U.K. units.
Height of the bar against U.S.A. units.
Based on the above calculation, the bar graph is as follows:
Page No 23.21:
Question 11:
The following data gives the production of foodgrains (in thousand tonnes) for somes years:
| Year | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 |
| Production (in thousand tonnes) |
120 | 150 | 140 | 180 | 170 | 190 |
Represent the above data with the help of a bar graph.
Answer:
Let's draw two mutually perpendicular lines OX and OY.
Along the horizontal line OX, let's mark the years; and along the vertical line OY, let's mark the production of food grains in tonnes.
Along the axis OX, let's choose an equal width for each bar, keeping the gap between the bars the same.
We will now choose a suitable scale to determine the heights of the bars.
Here, let's consider 1 big division = 20 thousand tonnes.
Therefore, the heights of the various bars are as follows:
Height of the bar against the year 1995 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1996 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1997 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1998 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1999 units.
Height of the bar against the year 2000 units.
Based on the above calculations, the bar graph is as follows:
Page No 23.21:
Question 12:
The following data gives the amount of manure (in thousand tonnes) manufactured by a company during some years:
| Year | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 |
| Manure (in thousand tonnes) |
15 | 35 | 45 | 30 | 40 | 20 |
(i) Represent the above data with the help of a bar graph.
(ii) Indicate with the help of the bar graph the year in which the amount of manure manufactured by the company was maximum.
(iii) Choose the correct alternative:
The consecutive years during which there was maximum decrease in manure production are
(a) 1994 and 1995
(b) 1992 and 1993
(c) 1996 and 1997
(d) 1995 and 1996
Answer:
Let's draw two mutually perpendicular lines OX and OY.
Along the horizontal line OX, lets mark the years; and along the vertical line OY, let's mark the amount of manure in tonnes.
Along the axis OX, let's choose an equal width of each bar, keeping the gap between the bars the same.
We will now choose a suitable scale to determine the heights of the bars.
Here, let's consider 1 big division = 5 thousand tonnes of manure
Therefore, the heights of the various bars are as follows:
Height of the bar against the year 1992 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1993 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1994 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1995 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1996 units.
Height of the bar against the year 1997 units.
Based on the above calculation, the bar graph is as follows:
(i)
(ii) The amount of manure manufactured in the year 1994 was the maximum.
(iii) (c) 1996 and 1997
Explanation: The production decreased by 15 thousand tonnes from the year 1994 to 1995, and from 1996 and 1997 the production of manure decreased by 20 thousand tonnes.
Page No 23.7:
Question 1:
The following table shows the daily production of T.V. sets in an industry for 7 days of a week:
| Day | Mon | Tue | Wed | Thurs | Fri | Sat | Sun |
| Number of T.V. Sets | 300 | 400 | 150 | 250 | 100 | 350 | 200 |
Represent the above information by a pictograph.
Answer:
Let an icon of a T.V. represent 50 T.Vs
Then, the number of icons produced by the industry on different days of a week are as follows:
| Day | Number of icons |
| Mon | 300 ÷ 50 = 6 |
| Tue | 400 ÷ 50 = 8 |
| Wed | 150 ÷ 50 = 3 |
| Thurs | 250 ÷ 50 = 5 |
| Fri | 100 ÷ 50 = 2 |
| Sat | 350 ÷ 50 = 7 |
| Sun | 200 ÷ 50 = 4 |
The pictograph representing the above data is as follows:
| Day | Number of icons |
| Mon | |
| Tue | |
| Wed | |
| Thurs | |
| Fri | |
| Sat | |
| Sun | |
Page No 23.7:
Question 2:
The following table shows the number of Maruti cars sold by five dealers in a particular month:
| Dealer | Saya | Bagga Links | D.D. Motors | Bhasin Motors | Comptent Motors |
| Cars sold | 60 | 40 | 20 | 15 | 10 |
Represent the above information by a pictograph.
Answer:
Let one car icon represent 5 Maruti cars.
Then, the number of icons sold by the five dealers in a particular month are as follows:
| Dealer | Number of icons |
| Saya | 60 ÷ 5 = 12 |
| Bagga Links | 40 ÷ 5 = 8 |
| D.D Motors | 20 ÷ 5 = 4 |
| Bhasin Motor | 15 ÷ 5 = 3 |
| Competent Motor | 10 ÷ 5 = 2 |
The pictograph representing the above data is as follows:
| Dealer | Number of icons |
| Saya | |
| Bagga Links | |
| D.D Motors | |
| Bhasin Motor | |
| Competent Motor | |
Page No 23.7:
Question 3:
The population of Delhi State in different census years is as given below:
| Census Year | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 |
| Population in Lakhs | 30 | 55 | 70 | 110 | 150 |
Represent the above information with the help of a bar graph.
Answer:
To represent the given data on a bar graph, we should first draw a horizontal and a vertical line. Here, the horizontal line will show the census year and the vertical line will show represent the population.
Since 5 values or data are given, we will mark 5 points on the horizontal axis at equal distances, and will erect rectangles of the same width with their heights proportional to the given data.
Also, on the vertical axis each difference of 10 will represent a population of 10 lakhs.
Page No 23.7:
Question 4:
Read the bar graph shown in Fig. 23.8 and answer the following questions:
(i) What is the information given by the bar graph?
(ii) How many tickets of Assam State Lottery were sold by the agent?
(iii) Of which state, were the maximum number of tickets sold?
(iv) State Whether true of false.
The maximum number of tickets sold is three times the minimum number of tickets sold.
(v) Of which state were the minimum number of tickets sold?
Answer:
(i) The bar graph represents the number of tickets of different state lotteries sold by an agent on a single day.
(ii) The agent sold 40 tickets of Assam State Lottery.
Explanation: The vertical height of the rectangle against Assam, on the bar graph, has ended on the 40th mark against the vertical axis.
(iii) Haryana
Explanation: The vertical height of the rectangle against Haryana is the maximum compared to those against the other states.
(iv) False
Explanation: Maximum vertical length (against the state of Haryana) = 100 units
Minimum vertical length (against the state of Rajasthan) = 20 units
∴ Maximum number of lottery tickets sold for one state = 100 tickets
Minimum number of lottery tickets sold for one state = 20 tickets
And, 100 is 5 times of 20 not 3 times
(v) Rajasthan
Explanation: From the bar graph we can say that the Rajasthan State Lottery tickets were sold the minimum, i.e., only 20 tickets.
Page No 23.8:
Question 5:
Study the bar graph representing the number of persons in various age groups in a town shown in Fig 23.9. Observe the bar graph and answer the following questions:
(i) What is the percentage of the youngest age-group persons over those in the oldest age group?
(ii) What is the total population of the town?
(iii) What is the number of persons in the age-group 60−65?
(iv) What is the number of persons in the age-group 10−15 than in the age group 30−35?
(v) What is the age-group of exactly 1200 persons living in the town?
(vi) What is the total number of persons living in the town in the age 50−55?
(vii) What is the total number of persons living in the town in the age-groups 10−15 and 60−65?
(viii) Whether the population in general increases, decreases of remains constant with the increase in the age-group.
Answer:
(i) The youngest age group is 10 − 15 years.
Number of persons in the youngest age group = 1400
The oldest age group is 70 − 75 years.
Number of persons in the oldest age group = 300
Difference in the number of people in the youngest age group and oldest age group = 1400 − 300 = 1100
∴ The youngest group has 1100 more people than the oldest group.
∴ % of the youngest group over oldest group
(ii) Total population of the town
= Total number of people from all age groups
= 1400 + 1200 + 1100 + 1000 + 900 + 800 + 300 = 6700
(iii) There are 800 persons in the age group 60 − 65 years.
Explanation: The vertical length of the rectangle against the age group 60 − 65 is up to 800 units.
(iv) Number of persons in the age group 10 − 15 = 1400
Number of persons in the age group 30 − 35 = 1100
∴ Number of more persons in the age group 10 − 15 as compared to that in the age group 30 − 35 = 1400 − 1100 = 300
(v) The age-group of exactly 1200 people living in the town is 20 − 25 years.
Explanation: Looking at the bar graph we can say that the vertical length of the rectangle against the age group 20 − 25 is up to 1200 units.
(vi) The number of people of the age group 50 − 55 years is 900.
Explanation: The vertical length of the rectangle against the age group 50 − 55 years is up to 900 units.
(vii) The number of persons in the age group 10 − 15 years is 1400, and that in the age group 60 − 65 years is 800.
∴ Total number of persons in the age group 10 − 15 years and 60 − 65 years = 1400 + 800 = 2200
(viii) With increase in the age group, the population decreases.
Explanation: As the age group increases, the heights of the rectangles start falling.
Page No 23.8:
Question 6:
Read the bar graph shown in Fig.23.10 and answer the following questions:
(i) What is the information given by the bar graphs?
(ii) What was the number of commercial banks in 1977?
(iii) What is the ratio of the number of commercial banks in 1969 to that in 1980?
(iv) State whether true of false:
The number of commercial banks in 1983 is less than double the number of commercial banks in 1969.
Answer:
(i) The bar graph represents the number of commercial banks in India during the respective years.
(ii) In 1977, there were 130 commercial banks.
Explanation: The height of the rectangle against the year 1977 is up to 130 units.
(iii) Number of commercial banks in 1969 = 90
Number of commercial banks in 1980 = 150
∴ Ratio of the number of commercial banks in 1969 to that in 1980
(iv) False
Explanation: Number of commercial banks in 1983 = 230
Number of commercial banks in 1969 = 90
∴ 2 × 90 = 180
As 230 is greater than 180, the number of commercial banks in 1983 is not less than double the number of commercial banks in 1969.
Page No 23.9:
Question 7:
Given below (Fig. 23.11) is the bar graph indicating the marks obtained out of 50 in mathematics paper by 100 students. Read the bar graph and answer the following questions:
(i) It is decided to distribute work books on mathematics to the students obtaining less then 20 marks, giving one workbook to each of such students. If a work book costs Rs. 5, what sum is required to buy the work books?
(ii) Every student belonging to the highest mark group is entitled to get a prize of Rs. 10.
How much amount of money is required for distributing the prize money?
(iii) Every student belonging to the lowest mark-group has to solve 5 problems per day. How many problem, in all, will be solved by the students of this group per day?
(iv) State whether true of false.
(a) 17% students have obtained marks ranging from 40 to 49.
(b) 59 students have obtained marks ranging from 10 to 29.
(v) What is the number of students getting less than 20 marks?
(vi) What is the number of students getting more than 29 marks?
(vii) What is the number of students getting marks between 9 and 40?
(viii) What is the number of students belonging to the highest mark group?
(ix) What is the number of students obtaining more than 19 marks?
Answer:
Let us prepare a chart of the 100 students using the data from the bar graph.
| Marks | Number of Students |
| 0 − 9 | 27 |
| 10 − 19 | 12 |
| 20 − 29 | 20 |
| 30 − 39 | 24 |
| 40 − 49 | 17 |
(i) Number of students with less than 20 marks = 27 + 12 = 39
∴ Required sum to buy the workbooks = Rs. 5 × 39 = Rs. 195
(ii) Highest marks group = 40 − 49
Number of students in this marks group = 17
∴ Required money to distribute the prize = Rs. 10 × 17 = Rs. 170
(iii) Lowest marks group = 0 − 9
Number of students in this marks group = 27
∴ Number of problems that will be solved by the students per day = 5 × 27 = 135
(iv) (a) True
Explanation: Number of students in the marks group 40 − 49 = 17
Total number of students = 100
∴ % of students in the marks group 40 − 49
(b) False
Number of students in the marks group 10 − 29
= Number of students in the marks group 0 − 9 + Number of students in the marks group 10 − 19
= 12 + 20 = 32
(v) Number of students scoring less than 20 marks
= Number of students in the marks group 0 − 9 + Number of students in the marks group 10 − 19 = 27 + 12 = 39
(vi) Number of students scoring more than 29 marks
= Number of students in the marks group 30 − 39 + Number of students in the marks group 40 − 49 = 24 + 17 = 41
(vii) Number of students scoring between 9 and 40
= Number of students in the marks group 10 − 19
+ Number of students in the marks group 20 − 29
+ Number of students in the marks group 30 − 39
= 12 + 30 + 24 = 56
(viii) The highest marks group is 40 − 49.
Number of students in this marks group = 17
(ix) Number of students scoring more than 19 marks
= Number of students in the marks group 20 − 29
+ Number of students in the marks group 30 − 39
+ Number of students in the marks group 40 − 49
= 20 + 24 + 17 = 61
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