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States of Matter

Intermolecular forces:

(Also known as van der Waals forces)

  • Dispersion forces or London forces (Forces between atoms or non-polar molecules)

  • Dipole-dipole forces (Forces between molecules possessing permanent dipole)

  • Dipole-induced forces (Forces between a molecule having permanent dipole and a molecule lacking permanent dipole)

  • Ion-dipole interaction (Interaction of an ion with the oppositely charged site of a polar moleule)
  • Hydrogen bond (Force between hydrogen attached to an electronegative atom of one molecule and an electronegative atom of different molecule)

Intermolecular interactions:

Thermal energy: Energy of a body due to motion of its atoms or molecules

Boyle’s Law

  • Relation between pressure (p) and volume (V)

  • Statement − At constant temperature, the pressure of a fixed amount (number of moles, n) of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume.

Charles’ Law

  • Relation between temperature (T) and volume (V)

  • Statement − At constant pressure, the volume of a fixed amount of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.

Standard Temperature and Pressure(STP)
The standard values are  00C or 273K for temperature and 1 atm or 760 mm of Hg for pressure and ar…

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