Write down the instrumental and chemical methods of analysis?

Instrumental approaches refers to the use of  instruments to carry out different processes of analytical chemistry.

  • The interaction between electromagnetic waves and atoms or molecules in a sample can be measured using spectroscopy.
  • The method of mass spectroscopy is used to determine the ratio of a molecule mass to its charge by applying electric and magnetic fields.
  • In electrochemical analysis the analyte is put in an Electrochemical cell, and the voltage or current flowing through it is determined using this method.
  • Calorimetric studies are done to find the interaction between an analyte and energy in the form of heat. 
Chemical methods depend upon such reactions as precipitation, neutralisation, oxidation, or, in general, the formation of a new compound. The major types of chemical methods are known as gravimetric analysis and volumetric analysis.

Gravimetric analysis is a method of quantitative chemical analysis in which the constituent sought is converted into a substance (of known composition) that can be separated from the sample and weighed

Volumetric analysis can be defined as any method of quantitative chemical analysis in which the amount of a substance is determined by measuring the volume that it occupies or, in broader usage, the volume of a second substance that combines with the first in known proportions.

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