what is the meaning of last second line That the valency or valencies of a group are shown by a single line

Dear student. Free valency is also known as unsatisfied valency. For example carbon has a valency of 4. If carbon form 3 single bond then the 4th valency will remain unsatisfied. There unsatisfied valency is known as free valency. Here, in the sentence of the book, it is mentioned that the symbol of free valency is (-). This means whenever a free valency is shown in the book, a (-) symbol is drawn. Regards

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