What is the difference between valency and radicals
Solution -
Valency
The electrons present in the last shell determine the valency of a particular element.
If the number of valence electrons ≤4: valency = number of valence electrons
If the number of valence electrons >4: valency = 8 - number of valence electrons.
You can observe the variation in the periodic table
|
Group in periodic table |
Number of valency electrons |
valency |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
13 |
3 |
3 |
|
14 |
4 |
4 |
|
15 |
5 |
3, 5 |
|
16 |
6 |
2, 6 |
|
17 |
7 |
1, 7 |
|
18 |
8 |
0, 8 |
In group, valency remains same while in periodic first it increase and then decrease
For your convenience, I am providing two examples to show how valency of any element can be found out.
1.If you consider the element aluminum and try to write its electronic configuration, then it is 2, 8, 3 the valency is equal to 3.
2.However, for element oxygen having electronic configuration 2, 6 the valency is 8 - 6 = 2.
Radicals-
A radical is a chemical species that contains an unpaired electron aslo known as "free radicals"; usually formed by the HOMOLYSIS process in which
a single covalent bond breaks to leave an unpaired electron on each of the two species created by the bond breaking.
For example below is the formation of methyl radicals.
