Q2) How can you contribute to minimize the pollution?

• Explosion of population can be controlled by using birth control methods. 
• Successive governments have come out with various programmes that encourage smaller families by means of various contraceptive methods.
• Contraceptive methods are of two types:

  • Natural means of contraception

  •  Artificial means of contraception

     

Natural Methods

• Avoiding the coming together of ovum and sperm

  • Periodic abstinence:Avoiding coitus from days 10 to 17 of the menstrual cycle

  • Coitus interruptus: Withdrawal of penis before ejaculation

  • Lactational amenorrhea: It is the absence of menstruation during lactation. So, in the lactation period, the chances of conception are almost zero.

Artificial Methods

Physically preventing the coming together of ovum and sperm

• Barriers: Include condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps and vaults

• Intra uterine devices   (IUDs): They release hormones to cause phagocytosis of sperms, or they release copper ions to decrease sperm motility.

• Oral contraceptive pills: They contain hormones—either progesterone or progesterone−oestrogen combination.

• Surgical methods: Include vasectomy (removal of a part of the vas deferens in males) and tubectomy (removal of a part of the fallopian tubes in females)