Pls explain the electron transport chain ? Write the Answer in points .

Electron Transport Chain (ETS)
Electron transport chain is a series of reactions in which electrons are passed from one carrier to another, and finally to oxygen, resulting in the formation of water as well as NADH and FADH2 are oxidized to release the energy stored in them.

  • NADH and FADH2 are oxidised to release the energy stored in them.

  • Electrons are passed from one carrier to another, and finally to oxygen, resulting in the formation of water.

  • Electrons produced by NADH in the mitochondrial matrix are oxidised by Complex I (NADH dehydrogenase).

  • Electrons are then transferred to ubiquinone, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Ubiquinone receives reducing equivalents through Complex II (FADH2).

  • Reduced ubiquinone (ubiquinol) is then oxidised by the transfer of electrons from Complex III(cytochrome bc1 complex) to cytochrome c.

  • Cytochrome c transfers the electrons between Complex III and Complex IV (Cytochrome c − oxidase complex consists of cyt a and a3, along with two copper centres).

  • In the course of passing from one carrier to another, electrons couple with Complex V (ATP synthase) and produce ATP.

  • Oxidation of 1 NADH produces 3 ATPs.
    Oxidation of 1 FADH2 produces 2 ATPs.

  • Role of oxygen in the terminal stage of ETS: It acts as the final hydrogen acceptor; removes hydrogen from the process and drives the whole process

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