Please answer it

Solution:
Option 1 is CORRECT
At low pH [higher concentration of H⁺], -NH₂ group gets protonated to -NH₃⁺.
Thus, the attack of lone pair of N on carbonyl C becomes less favorable. Hence it becomes the slowest step or the RDS.

Option 2 is CORRECT
At high pH [higher concentration of OH^-], protonation of -OH becomes difficult hence elimination of H2O becomes difficult.
Thus elimination of H₂O becomes the slowest step or the RDS.

Option 3 is CORRECT
With a decrease in pH, the amine is protonated and equilibrium shifts in the forwarding direction such that more TH⁺ is formed and the reaction continues in the forwarding direction.

Option 4 is INCORRECT
With an increase in pH, the amine will not be protonated as the medium will be basic and the reaction cannot proceed in the forwarding direction.