Is fiscal deficit necessarily inflationary in nature? Explain with reasons.

Fiscal deficits are not necessarily inflationary; though, they are generally regarded as inflationary. When the government expenditure increases and tax reduces, there is a government deficit and there will be a corresponding increase in the aggregate demand. However, the firms might not be able to meet the growing demands, forcing the price to rise. Hence fiscal deficits are inflationary in this sense.

But on the other hand, initially if the resources are underutilised (due to insufficient demand) and output is below full employment level, then with the increase in government expenditure, more factor resources will be employed to cater to the increasing demand without exerting much pressure on price to rise. In this situation, a high fiscal deficit is accompanied by high demand, greater output level and lesser inflationary situation. Hence, whether the fiscal deficits are inflationary or not depends on how close is the original output level to the full employment level.

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The term fiscal deficit is the difference between the government's total
expenditure and its total receipts (excluding borrowing).
Such borrowings are generally financed by issuing new currency which
may lead to inflation. However, if the borrowings are for infrastructural
development this may lead to capacity building and may not be inflationary.
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No
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No fiscal deficit is not necessarily inflationary.
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