can u pls explain this Para, "the conductivity of all electrolytes increases with temperature. The conductivity of a solution varies slightly with pressure due to change in viscosity of the medium . The viscosity of a dilute solution decreases with increasing pressure this is accompanied by an increase in the equivalent conductivity provided the pressure is not too high the effect is most marked in a weak electrolyte than a strong electrolyte because in case of weak electrolyte increase of pressure tends to favour ionization but this factor is not appreciable in case of strong electrolytes."
^m or ^eq is directly proportional to pressure.

Dear Student,
The topic about effect of Temperature and Pressure on Conductivity. 

As we know, Conductivity of a solution is defined as the conductance of a solution of 1 cm in length and area of cross-section 1 sq. cm. The inverse of resistivity is called conductivity or specific conductance. It is represented by the symbolκ. If ρ is resistivity, then we can write:

The conductivity of a solution at any given concentration is the conductance (G) of one unit volume of solution kept between two platinum electrodes with the unit area of cross-section and at a distance of unit length.

i.e., 

(Since a = 1, l = 1)

Conductivity always decreases with a decrease in concentration, both for weak and strong electrolytes. This is because the number of ions per unit volume that carry the current in a solution decreases with a decrease in concentration.

 

Molar conductivity:

Molar conductivity of a solution at a given concentration is the conductance of volume V of a solution containing 1 mole of the electrolyte kept between two electrodes with the area of cross-section A and distance of unit length.

Now, l = 1 and A = V (volume containing 1 mole of the electrolyte).

 

Molar conductivity increases with a decrease in concentration. This is because the total volume V of the solution containing one mole of the electrolyte increases on dilution.

The variation of withfor strong and weak electrolytes is shown in the following plot:



Now, 

Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Conductivity which include:-

The conductivity of all electrolytes increases with temperature. However, the conductivity slightly varies with the pressure due to change in viscosity of the medium. This alters the speed and hence the conductivity of ions.

The viscosity of dilute solution decreases with increasing the pressure. As a result Λeq  as well as  Λm increases provided the pressure is not too high.

We know that Λeq as well as Λm of a solution of both weak/strong electrolytes increases with dilution. But, specific conductivity decreases with dilution due to the decrease in number of current carrying particles per cm2. At infinite dilution, a limiting value of conductivity (Λo) is obtained. Λo for any strong electrolyte is calculated by graphical method while the same for weak electrolyte is determined by Kohlarausch's law.

Regards,

  • 1
What are you looking for?